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teeline · algorithms/fpa

Flower Pollination Algorithm

A population of candidate tours (flowers) evolves each step: with probability p a flower makes a long-range Lévy flight toward the global best; otherwise it cross-pollinates with two random flowers nearby. Drag the sliders to see how p and population size shape search.

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Flowers
02322active flower
12239quality 16%
22263quality 12%
32071quality 49%
41819quality 98%
51810global best
62235quality 17%
71979quality 67%
● gbest tour● active flower● population● city▌ active flower▌ global best
Press Step or Run to begin
■ global Lévy step  ■ local ε step
step size
—
iteration
0
gbest distance
1810.2
global steps
0
local steps
0
~80% global / 20% local
Balanced population size
cities: 12flowers: 8p: 0.80β (Lévy): 1.5